打工仔增值必讀　金融英文lesson1

 

對於上班族來說，英文「聽、說、讀、寫」最簡單的肯定是「讀」。如果讀真那麼容易，那你的英文聽、說、寫就不會那麼吃力了。也就是因為讀錯了，所以聽、說、寫也就一直留在原地。

正確的讀法是：

• 選對文章：選擇與自己專業或興趣相關的英文文章，最好夠口語化，像是CNN或CNBC上的新聞。
   
• 讀出聲音:一定要讀出聲音，像平常說話一樣大聲，每一字都不放過，讓耳朵清楚聽到嘴巴讀英文。
   
• 說英文，不唸英文：讀的時候像說話，不像唸書，抬頭讀，不要低頭讀。試試看可不可以把自己當成新聞主播，偶爾還得抬頭對著攝影機打招呼。
   
• Summarize: 反覆閱讀，求精不求多，讀完每一段，放下文章，看看能不能用自己的話摘要一遍，表示你真的讀了，而且讀懂了。

這樣的方法叫做「Targeted Reading Method」(目標閱讀法)，簡稱TRM，本篇「財經英文聽、說、讀、寫」從讀懂投資或股市報導為主題，請你用TRM方式讀，讀到你能完全吸收領會為止。

1. 漲

股價漲跌基本說法是 up 和 down，在描述股市變化時，它們可以動詞形態出現，也可以加上動詞像go up/down、move up/down或be up/down：

• Dow Jones Industrial Average up 99.72 points.
   
• At last check, the stock was up more than 13 percent, and might be one to watch.  
   

higher 跟 lower 用來形容股市漲跌既簡單又貼切，經常是股市新聞的開頭句或結尾句「The stock market opened higher」, 如果是收市時下跌則是

Shares ended lower, tracking a lower Wall Street, after US macro-economic inflation data disappointed investors in the absence of guiding ...   

如果是小幅上揚是marginally higher, 或marginally firmer，例如：

THE dollar ended marginally firmer today, after trading in a tight range, as world markets awaited US inflation data due out tonight.

股市報道力求變化，有時要避免重復用字，會選擇不同動詞，漲幅一般，可以用rise 、gain、climb：

S&P 500 index gained 12.12 last week.

漲幅較大時，可以用 surge、soar 或是 jump，例如：

Intel climbed 2% in the morning.

大漲是sharp gains；到飇漲程度，就用skyrocket：

Shares in the company skyrocketed 55 percent over the past month.

談股市漲也不一定非用「漲」這個字眼，長期看好可以用long-term bull market；表現強勢是on fire；買氣旺盛是strong buying：

• Web companies are on fire again.
   
• There is strong buying in frontline auto and pharma stocks.

股市變化多端，也不單就是漲和跌，先跌再漲，重新振作，可以用rally，或者叫rebound (反彈)；相對地從漲到跌，則是pull back (拉回)，例：

• Japan stocks rebound from 3-month lows.
   
• The big question exhausted traders were surely asking themselves was whether today's rebound would lead to a new rally or if more problems lie ahead.

股市創新高叫做reach a record high或hit a record high

Shares in RAO Rostelecom, Russia's dominant phone company, reached a record high yesterday after the Government announced that it would almost double the number of shares in its parent company to be sold off.
 

2. 跌

描述股價下跌也有不少的詞彙，像decline、drop、fall、slip, fall, decline, drop, lose，或是shed有狂瀉的意味：

Turkey’s stock market shed 9 per cent of its value last week.

plunge 和 plummet 指較大的跌幅，單從字面感受，就有大幅滑落的意象。

• Global markets plummet again on inflation, growth fears。
   
• The market's plunge comes as investors anxiously await US inflation data due out on Wednesday.

台灣講股市開紅盤，紅色代表上漲，美國股市剛好相反，紅色是跌dip into (the) red是探底。

Microsoft saw its MSN unit dip into the red, as revenue dropped from a year earlier.

lose ground指股價失守，gain ground 或gain some lost ground指的是回穩，

• Asian currencies lose ground against dollar.
   
• Linux to Gain Ground in 2005

談股市重創，可以用hammer 或take a beating、hit、fall like a stone

• Colombia’s small stock market was hammered for a second day on Tuesday, closing down 8.8 percent a day after a record slide of 10.5 percent.
   
• World stock markets took another beating yesterday on fears of higher interest rates.
   
• The screens went red as the price quotes for the company shares on the Hong Kong stock market index, the Hang Seng, started to fall like a stone.

股市連續下跌怎麼說呢？

Taiwan stocks continued their downward trend, falling 3.25% to finish at 6432 :

      台股連續下跌, 跌幅 3.25% 以 6432 點作收。

 

跌到歷史新低，叫做hit a record low

Shares of LG.Philips fell as much as 11 percent to a record low of 29,450…

跌到崩盤了就用collapse:

The authorities struggled to deal with a stock market collapse between February and May that created a groundswell of popular anger in this absolute monarchy…

3. 市場持平與變化

股票不只漲和跌，有時是漲跌互見，叫 mixed；平盤是unchanged，flat指的是差價不大。在做這類描述時常會用到plunge 121 points in intraday sessions (盤中下跌)；或 trimmed early losses （早盤重挫）等。

• The US dollar advanced on the Japanese yen and was mixed against European currencies, ...
   
• In light of the Nasdaq's 148 point sell-off by midday, this afternoon's trading is a tech stock rally. Apple's stock set a new 52-week intraday low but came back to end the day unchanged.

股市不穩定，可以用volatile

Indian shares, among those hardest hit in the market's recent turmoil, had a volatile session, rising at the opening, then plunging before closing down 1.5 per cent.

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